The advantages and disadvantages and application comparison of Tris-HCl and HEPES buffer CAS NO.1185-53-1

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Both Tris-HCl and HEPES are commonly used in buffers. The reason why they are compared is also to let everyone know more relevant information so that they can be more accurate in the process of purchasing and use.
1. Tris-HCl buffer
Tris buffer is a kind of buffer widely used in biochemical research. It is a weak base. The commonly used effective pH is in the "neutral" range. Tris-HCl buffer: pH=7.5～8.5; Tris-phosphate Buffer: pH=5.0～9.0.
1) Advantages of Tris-HCl buffer
Strong alkaline, this buffer can be used to configure pH buffers ranging from acid to alkali; it has little interference with biochemical processes, and does not precipitate with calcium, magnesium ions and heavy metal ions.
2) Disadvantages of Tris-HCl buffer
pH is greatly affected by concentration, if diluted 10 times, the pH change is greater than 0.1
Large temperature effect, such as pH=8.4 at 4°C, pH=7.4 at 37°C
2. HEPES buffer
HEPES is a non-ionic amphoteric buffer with good buffering capacity in the pH range of 7.2~7.4. It is commonly used in biochemical diagnostic kits, DNA/RNA extraction kits and PCR diagnostic kits.
1) HEPES buffer advantages:
It can maintain a relatively constant pH value in open culture or Cells observation, and has a harmful effect on Cells.
2) HEPES buffer disadvantages:
May be toxic to some Cells at high concentrations and is slightly more expensive compared to other buffers.
Application of Tris-HCl buffer and HEPES buffer
1. Tris-HCl buffer
Tris is one of the main components of protein electrophoresis buffer. It forms a buffer system with glycine in the electrophoresis buffer to stabilize the pH during electrophoresis. In addition, Tris is also an intermediate in the preparation of surfactants, vulcanization accelerators and some pharmaceuticals. Tris is also used as a titration standard. When used as a protein buffer, if the subsequent work requires mass spectrometry, it is not suitable to use Tris, and replace it with a buffer that can be tolerated by other mass spectrometers.
2. HEPES buffer
HEPES buffer is harmful to Cells, it is a hydrogen ion buffer that can control a constant pH range for a long time. When used, the concentration is 10-50mmol/L. Generally, the buffer capacity can be achieved by containing 20mmol/L HEPES in the culture medium. It is also used in environmental, analytical and biological research; as a binding buffer and eluent in cation exchange chromatography; as a running buffer in gel electrophoresis, etc.