Comprehensive understanding of heparin sodium CAS NO.9041-08-1

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What is heparin sodium

Heparin sodium is the sodium salt of aminoglucan sulfate extracted from the intestinal mucosa of pigs or cattle. It is a mucopolysaccharide.

Because heparin sodium has the physical and chemical characteristics of strong negative charge, it can interfere with many links of hemagglutination process and has anticoagulant effect in vivo and in vitro. Its mechanism of action is complex. It mainly enhances the inhibitory effect of antithrombin Ⅲ (at - Ⅲ) on activated coagulation factors Ⅱ, IX, x, Xi and XII by binding to antithrombin Ⅲ (at - Ⅲ).

effect:

It can prevent platelet aggregation and destruction and hinder the formation of coagulation activating enzymes; Prothrombin; Inhibit thrombin, so as to prevent fibrinogen from turning into fibrin and achieve the effect of anticoagulation.

Production precautions:

Some groups in heparin have a great influence on its anticoagulant activity. In acidic solution, the nitrogen sulfate group of heparin is easy to be hydrolyzed and destroyed, and its anticoagulant activity is reduced; In alkaline solution, oxysulfate group of heparin is easy to be destroyed by hydrolysis and its anticoagulant activity is reduced. Therefore, the following two points should be paid attention to in the production process of heparin:

1. In acidic solution, the nitrogen sulfate group of heparin is easy to be destroyed by hydrolysis, and its anticoagulant activity is reduced;

2. In alkaline solution, oxysulfate group of heparin is easy to be destroyed by hydrolysis, and its anticoagulant activity is reduced,

Therefore, the treatment of strong acid or alkali should be avoided in the production of heparin.

Different series of heparin sodium products:

Crude heparin sodium:

It is extracted and processed from porcine small intestinal mucosa. It is yellow powder, insoluble in water and has strong anticoagulant activity. Crude heparin sodium is the raw material of other heparin series products.

Topical heparin sodium:

It is extracted and processed from the small intestinal mucosa of pigs. It is white and insoluble in water. It has strong anticoagulant activity. At the same time, it also has the effects of anti blood healing, regulating blood lipid and anti-inflammatory.

Clinically, it is mainly used to treat disseminated intravascular coagulation, cor pulmonale, nephropathy, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and other diseases.

Heparin sodium for injection:

Prevention and treatment of thrombosis and embolism, such as myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, thrombophlebitis and postoperative thrombosis. Treat disseminated intravascular coagulation and other anticoagulants in vivo and in vitro caused by various causes.

Heparin calcium:

It can affect all links of the coagulation process, inhibit the transformation of prothrombin into thrombin, inhibit the role of thrombin in promoting the transformation of fibrinogen into fibrin, prevent platelet adhesion, aggregation and release, so as to prolong the coagulation time and prevent thrombosis.

Heparinoids:

Heparinoids are substances similar to heparin. It can dissolve blood clots and improve the blood supply to the skin. It is usually used as an ointment to reduce skin contusion. It is widely used in blood clots, contusions and venous inflammation caused by blood clot formation (superficial thrombophlebitis).